سیمان و بتن

Concrete and Cement

سیمان و بتن

ABSTRACT

Inorganic concretes are reviewed, emphasizing two major areas: construction concretes and high temperature (refractory) concretes. Although such materials are intended for completely different applications and markets, they have in common that they are made from inorganic ceramic oxides and both materials are used for structural purposes. Current applications and research topics representing new challenges are summarized.Concrete usually indicates a construction material made from Portland cement, aggregates (for instance, gravel and sand), water, and additives to improve mixing or specific properties of the final material. Refractory concretes (monolithic refractories) refer to high-temperature materials for the manufacture of shaped refractories. Most concrete refractories are based on calcium aluminates, although some applications require the use of other high-temperature ceramic materials, such as magnesium oxide. The distinguishable feature of these concretes is that the method of preparation does not involve forming or firing at the manufacturing plant as in the fabrication of refractory bricks. This compilation includes only concretes for construction and refractory applications.